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Past the Shallows
by Favel ParrettPrescribed for HSC English 2024–2027 (NESA) · Last reviewed Past the Shallows is a 2011 novel by Australian author Favel Parrett, set on the rural Tasmanian coast. It follows brothers Joe, Miles and Harry as they endure their violent father and the unforgiving sea.
Summary
Past the Shallows is a 2011 novel by Australian author Favel Parrett, set on the rural Tasmanian coast. It follows brothers Joe, Miles and Harry as they endure their violent father and the unforgiving sea. For the HSC, it is studied in the Common Module: Texts and Human Experiences for English Standard and Advanced.
Plot
The novel begins as Miles and Joe surf while their younger brother, Harry, watches from the beach. The next day Harry goes to a show in Hobart with the boys’ Aunty Jean. He buys showbags for Miles and his friend Stuart.
Meanwhile, Miles is out working on the boat with his Dad and the crewmen, Martin and Jeff. Upon returning home from Hobart, Harry goes to Stuart to give him the showbag, but Stuart is not home. On his return journey home, Harry encounters a dog, which leads him to the dilapidated house of an old man named George. Harry runs away in fright when he hears George calling his name.
Joe, the eldest of the brothers, lives alone on his houseboat, and picks Miles up to go surfing when Miles finishes work. It is revealed that Joe is working on his houseboat to make it seaworthy so that he can leave Tasmania.
When Miles goes to sea again for work, a shark jumps onto the boat, breaking Martin’s leg. Jeff shoots the shark, saving Miles, who was trapped underneath it. Jeff then cuts open the shark and shoots the lone living baby shark in its womb. Miles and his Dad take Martin to the hospital, and Miles recalls being there when his grandfather died.
Harry returns to George’s house to play with the dog, and George invites him in for tea. At the docks, the boat engine fails, and the Dad leaves Miles by himself to push it in manually. A Mr Roberts comes to Miles’ aid, and then gives him a lift home. On the way home, Miles takes notice of a spot of fresh lilies by the side of the road, and it is revealed that that is where the boys’ mother died in a car crash.
The boys go to their grandfather’s house, which has been sold by their Aunt Jean, to clear it out. They come across some of their mother’s possessions, including a tooth necklace, and discover parts of the car that she was driving when she died. On the way to the tip after leaving the house, Harry remembers that there was a man in the car with his mother the night of the crash.
On the beach, Miles fights with Gary Jones, a boy his age, because Gary took the shark tooth Miles got from the incident on the boat. In the course of the fight, Miles breaks a fishing rod belonging to Gary’s dad.
Harry goes fishing with George, and they catch a flathead, which they have for dinner. George takes Harry to his old home and reveals that he knew Harry’s mother when he was younger. Officers from the Department of Fisheries arrive at the home where Harry and Miles live with their Dad. The officers inform Miles that their Dad has many unpaid fines.
The next day, Miles and Joe go fishing, and Joe tells Miles that he plans to leave the next day, because he needs to escape his horrible existence in Tasmania. That night, while drinking at home the boys’ Dad, along with Jeff, forces Harry to drink, which causes him to vomit. Miles defends Harry, and their Dad hits him, causing his head to bleed. Miles and Harry run away to George’s place, where they are taken care of. Miles takes Harry to stay at Stuart’s house, before returning home to clean up the mess. His father is there eating fish and chips, and makes no mention of the previous night.
Wanting to repay George for his kindness, Harry buys him tea, but when he arrives at George’s house, he cannot find him. Miles and his Dad are driving home from fishing as Harry is leaving George’s house, and the car nearly hits Harry, enraging the Dad.
The next morning, the Dad orders Miles and Harry onto the boat, and Miles is terrified. The Dad and Jeff steer the boat into the middle of the water before turning off the engine. Overcome with fear, Miles begins to throw up off the side of the boat. The Dad and Jeff return to the deck of the boat.
The Dad attacks Miles, attempting to force his head into the water so that he will drown. Harry attacks Dad before calling for help on the radio. Dad grabs Harry, and upon noticing the white necklace he is wearing, becomes furious as he realises it belonged to the man who was in the car with his wife the night of the crash – the man his wife was having an affair with. He blames Harry for the whole situation, and when a wave hits the boat, Harry is thrown into the water. The Dad reveals his knowledge of the affair. He tells Miles that he took the man’s body out of the wreck so that no one would know, and that his reputation would be protected.
Miles jumps overboard to save Harry, and after grabbing him in the water he falls unconscious. He awakes to find that he is no longer holding on to his brother.
Miles wakes up in the hospital, and is informed that Harry has died. Miles recalls the night of his mother’s death, and realises that it was his Uncle Nick who was the man in the car. He remembers seeing his father take Nick’s body away and return without him.
At Harry’s funeral, Miles breaks down to Joe. The next day, Miles goes surfing with Justin, Mr Roberts’ son. Later, Miles, Joe and George bury a shark egg on the beach in memory of Harry. George gives the shark necklace to Miles, who realises that George found Harry’s body. Miles and Joe leave.
Context and Purpose
Parrett’s text is set on the rural Tasmanian coast. A sense of isolation and hardship permeates the text at every level, which is compounded by the unforgiving power of the sea.
By depicting the struggles of the boys, Parrett urges her audience to reflect on their relationships with their own families and the natural environment. She powerfully depicts the extent to which we as humans exist very much as a part of the natural world, not separately to it. Accordingly, our own trials and tribulations are intertwined with the world around us, and indeed are shaped by it. The central theme of Parrett’s text is how young men in particular respond to the trauma of growing up in a violently dysfunctional family.
Humanity's Connection to the Natural Environment
Throughout the text, the ocean is presented as being a magnetic, oppressive force. It entirely defines the boys’ experiences, and shapes how they imagine their world: there is the land on which they live, and there is the ocean, which surrounds them. In that way, the ocean becomes a metaphor for their father’s oppression, too: it engulfs them completely. Such is articulated in Miles’ recognition that whether he surfaces is not up to him: the ocean can hold him under for as long as it chooses.
The description of the whole coastline as changed that appears after Harry’s death is imbued with symbolism, as with the absence of their father and death of their brother, the way in which the boys conceive of their world has been changed, too. Of course, the text’s final lines capture how as a result of the events of the plot, the boys now imagine the ocean as what it must be for them, if only to reconcile themselves to the brutal reality of their lives: a vehicle for escape.
The Vulnerability of Human Beings; the Difficulty of Growing Up in a Dysfunctional Family
At its core, Past the Shallows is an examination of the inherent fragility of human beings, with a particular focus on young men. The boys’ chief vulnerability is the power their father wields over them, which is in turn represented by the ocean as aforementioned. The boys are characterised as youthful but also wise beyond their years, as is captured in the metaphor of the abalone shell Harry picks up, which prompts a moment of metaphysical philosophising.
There is a sense of anguish for the boys, as we as the reader empathise with their hardship while thinking of all the opportunities for hope and happiness they are deprived of. The tension between seeking joy while recognising their vulnerability is expressed in the imagery of Miles reading the waves in the fading light, when for a moment everything else falls away.
Unconditional Love Between Siblings
The boys’ awareness of their vulnerability informs the unconditional love they have for one another. Though Joe is more mature and older than his siblings, he still adopts a protective role where he can, despite being somewhat distracted by his own desire to escape. As such, it is between Miles and Harry where the unconditional love between siblings is most thoroughly displayed. Harry’s youthfulness is used to communicate the intense emotions involved in sibling relationships: Harry fears that if Miles were ever lost, something inside him would go wrong and might never come right again. The graceful simplicity of the power of that emotion is then reflected in the way Harry draws a promise of protection from those around him.
The Paradoxical Desire for Escapism and Connection
The tension between the desire to escape to a better life and to remain close to one’s connections is a significant driver of the plot. It is through Harry that we are first introduced to it, as he expresses jealousy that his friend Stuart gets to leave the town often, since anywhere seems better than staying at home. Miles too feels this tension, as he resents the work he is made to do, but does not know how to express it, and so remains silent. The motific story of the woman who escaped to an island by herself captures the paradoxical desire for escapism and connection: Harry suggests she may simply have had enough, and Miles cannot tell whether he means life before the island or life on it. Parrett intentionally leaves the boys’ future at the end of the novel uncertain, as we are left to consider whether the tragedy that has most recently befallen them is what will finally make them leave, and start elsewhere anew.
Past the Shallows
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| Techniques | The technique of pathetic fallacy should feature at some point within an essay. The paradoxical nature of the ocean, being a simultaneously calm and violent force, is also important to recognise, as it reflects the inconsistencies of human behaviour and the instability of family relationships. |
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Frequently Asked Questions
- Which module is Past the Shallows studied in for the HSC?
- Past the Shallows is set for the HSC English Common Module: Texts and Human Experiences, for both Standard and Advanced students.
- Who wrote Past the Shallows?
- Australian author Favel Parrett wrote Past the Shallows. Published in 2011, it was her debut novel and was shortlisted for the Miles Franklin Literary Award.
- What is Past the Shallows about?
- Set on the rural Tasmanian coast, the novel follows brothers Joe, Miles and Harry, whose lives are shaped by isolation, the unforgiving sea and their violent, grieving father, and it ends in tragedy when Harry drowns.
- What human experiences does Past the Shallows explore?
- The novel explores humanity's connection to the natural environment, the vulnerability of growing up in a dysfunctional family, unconditional love between siblings, and the paradoxical desire for escapism and connection.
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